Student Parallel Election Program (Student Vote) Evaluation
Appendix A – Regression Models
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 2.929 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | -0.785 | <0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.014 | 0.779 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | -0.088 | 0.306 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.060 | 0.302 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Combined grades | 0.303 | 0.029* |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Secondary schools | 0.324 | 0.674 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Middle school | 0.070 | 0.383 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.089 | 0.193 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | 0.101 | 0.123 |
Age | 0.050 | 0.005* |
Note: Higher score = higher score on knowledge-based questions.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 238.093, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 1.419 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | -0.394 | <0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | 0.198 | <0.001* |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.016 | 0.860 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.047 | 0.435 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Combined grades | 0.383 | 0.001* |
School type (Middle school = reference)Secondary schools | -0.007 | 0.927 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.018 | 0.766 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.138 | 0.030* |
Age | 0.078 | 0.002* |
Note: Higher score = higher score on knowledge-based questions.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 96.483, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 1.928 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.422 | <0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.002 | 0.971 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.090 | 0.293 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.030 | 0.614 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Combined grades | 0.215 | 0.122 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Secondary schools | -0.263 | 0.734 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Middle school | 0.141 | 0.080 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.062 | 0.361 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.212 | 0.001* |
Age | -0.035 | 0.068 |
Note: Higher score = less knowledgeable.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 100.536, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 2.784 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.141 | 0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.174 | <0.001* |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | -0.054 | 0.419 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.021 | 0.646 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Combined grades | 0.045 | 0.592 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Secondary schools | -0.003 | 0.960 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.181 | <0.001* |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | 0.058 | 0.223 |
Age | -0.004 | 0.846 |
Note: Higher score = less knowledgeable.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 52.735, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 2.081 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.052 | 0.361 |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | 0.028 | 0.604 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.044 | 0.639 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.020 | 0.761 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Combined grades | 0.229 | 0.137 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Secondary schools | -0.164 | 0.847 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Middle school | 0.060 | 0.501 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.002 | 0.981 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.047 | 0.515 |
Age | 0.037 | 0.074 |
Note: Higher score = less interest in politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 15.058, p=0.130. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 2.519 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.098 | 0.050 |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.127 | 0.006 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.022 | 0.783 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.100 | 0.067 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Combined grades | 0.050 | 0.620 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Secondary schools | -0.010 | 0.894 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.010 | 0.851 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | 0.069 | 0.232 |
Age | 0.005 | 0.828 |
Note: Higher score = less interest in politics.
* Model Likelihood Chi-Square = 20.477, p=0.015. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 3.278 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.097 | 0.248 |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.047 | 0.565 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.128 | 0.360 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.050 | 0.605 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Combined grades | 0.007 | 0.976 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Secondary schools | -1.820 | 0.147 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Middle school | 0.179 | 0.172 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.163 | 0.141 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.431 | <0.001* |
Age | -0.030 | 0.334 |
Note: Higher score = less often talking to friends about politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 41.348, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 4.243 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.160 | 0.014* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.222 | <0.001* |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.139 | 0.187 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.036 | 0.610 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Combined grades | -0.003 | 0.979 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Secondary schools | 0.090 | 0.335 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.263 | <0.001* |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.133 | 0.075 |
Age | -0.128 | <0.001* |
Note: Higher score = less often talking to friends about politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 67.207, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 2.737 | <0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | 0.030 | 0.821 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | -0.143 | 0.521 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.090 | 0.535 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Secondary schools | -1.176 | 0.382 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Middle school | 0.609 | 0.002* |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.077 | 0.649 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.538 | 0.001* |
Age | -0.013 | 0.786 |
Note: Higher score = less often talking to friends about elections.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 27.342, p=0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 1.608 | <0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.024 | 0.803 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.112 | 0.488 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.120 | 0.240 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Combined grades | -0.064 | 0.739 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Secondary schools | 0.267 | 0.069 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.159 | 0.143 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.990 | <0.001* |
Age | 0.022 | 0.659 |
Note: Higher score = less often talking to friends about elections.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 74.260, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 2.814 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.063 | 0.476 |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | 0.085 | 0.321 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.063 | 0.672 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.028 | 0.787 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Combined grades | -0.081 | 0.737 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Secondary schools | -1.341 | 0.315 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Middle school | 0.083 | 0.553 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.051 | 0.664 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.392 | 0.001* |
Age | 0.013 | 0.696 |
Note: Higher score = less often talking to family about politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 22.172, p=0.014. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 3.169 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | -0.058 | 0.421 |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.036 | 0.593 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.009 | 0.941 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.065 | 0.409 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Combined grades | 0.200 | 0.166 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Secondary schools | 0.084 | 0.416 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.013 | 0.872 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.251 | 0.002* |
Age | -0.035 | 0.292 |
Note: Higher score = less often talking to family about politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 16.492, p=.057. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 2.500 | <0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | 0.024 | 0.870 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | -0.098 | 0.675 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.056 | 0.723 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Secondary schools | -0.658 | 0.628 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Middle school | 0.267 | 0.194 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.002 | 0.990 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.315 | 0.077 |
Age | 0.084 | 0.143 |
Note: Higher score = less often talking to family about election.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 9.691, p=0.287. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 3.824 | <0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.107 | 0.286 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.163 | 0.336 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.076 | 0.483 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Combined grades | -0.084 | 0.678 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Secondary schools | -0.088 | 0.570 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.165 | 0.150 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | 0.048 | 0.712 |
Age | -0.141 | 0.008* |
Note: Higher score = less often talking to family about election.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 13.425, p=0.098. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 1.701 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.138 | 0.027* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | 0.047 | 0.440 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | -0.043 | 0.678 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.058 | 0.420 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Combined grades | 0.063 | 0.708 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Secondary schools | -0.884 | 0.344 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Middle school | 0.093 | 0.341 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.299 | <0.001* |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.078 | 0.328 |
Age | -0.101 | <0.001* |
Note: Higher score = less comfortable talking to friends about politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 81.812, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 1.714 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.114 | 0.027* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.091 | 0.056 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | -0.024 | 0.778 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.071 | 0.213 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Combined grades | 0.092 | 0.379 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Secondary schools | 0.111 | 0.133 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.021 | 0.707 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | 0.020 | 0.731 |
Age | -0.011 | 0.652 |
Note: Higher score = less comfortable talking to friends about politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 18.532, p=0.029. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 1.405 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.205 | 0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | 0.066 | 0.276 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.042 | 0.689 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.030 | 0.674 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Combined grades | -0.073 | 0.668 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Secondary schools | -0.540 | 0.562 |
School type (Elementary school = reference)Middle school | 0.003 | 0.978 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.185 | 0.025* |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | 0.023 | 0.777 |
Age | -0.050 | 0.028* |
Note: Higher score = less comfortable talking to family about politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 35.069, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 1.659 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.088 | 0.075 |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.058 | 0.201 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | -0.078 | 0.329 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.007 | 0.898 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Combined grades | -0.120 | 0.227 |
School type (Middle school = reference)Secondary schools | -0.058 | 0.414 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.061 | 0.260 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | 0.005 | 0.930 |
Age | -0.002 | 0.928 |
Note: Higher score = less comfortable talking to family about politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 9.113, p=0.427. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 3.197 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | -0.792 | 0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.552 | 0.016* |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.209 | 0.561 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.533 | 0.093 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.120 | 0.650 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | 0.812 | 0.025* |
Age | 0.161 | 0.042* |
Note: Variable school type was removed due to colinearity issue.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 39.267, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 0.422 | 0.414 |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | -0.177 | 0.396 |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.176 | 0.357 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.908 | 0.001* |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.640 | 0.006* |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.997 | <0.001* |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | -0.085 | 0.707 |
Age | 0.096 | 0.242 |
Note: Variable school type was removed due to colinearity issue.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 41.172, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 4.997 | <0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -2.034 | 0.002* |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.901 | 0.166 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.519 | 0.361 |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.200 | 0.722 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | 2.118 | 0.046* |
Age | 0.062 | 0.722 |
Note: Variable school type was removed due to colinearity issue.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 24.996, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 3.171 | <0.001* |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.366 | 0.424 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 0.340 | 0.672 |
Students' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 1.277 | 0.010* |
Teachers'/schools' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.799 | 0.192 |
Teachers'/schools' participation in Democracy Bootcamp (No = reference)Yes | 1.472 | 0.023* |
Age | 0.016 | 0.942 |
Note: Variable school type was removed due to colinearity issue.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 15.066, p=0.020. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 1.644 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | -0.015 | 0.741 |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)Less than 1 year | 0.348 | <0.001* |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)1–2 years | 0.282 | <0.001* |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)3–5 years | 0.192 | <0.001* |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)6–7 years | 0.056 | 0.252 |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.271 | <0.001* |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | -0.037 | 0.478 |
Teachers' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.039 | 0.259 |
School type (Other = reference)Combined grades | 0.068 | 0.532 |
School type (Other = reference)Secondary school | -0.090 | 0.383 |
School type (Other = reference)Middle school | -0.045 | 0.676 |
School type (Other = reference)Elementary school | 0.124 | 0.209 |
Note: Higher score = less knowledgeable about politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 213.399, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 1.536 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | 0.047 | 0.332 |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)Less than 1 year | 0.366 | <0.001* |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)1–2 years | 0.291 | <0.001* |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)3–5 years | 0.152 | 0.001* |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)6–7 years | 0.094 | 0.074 |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.248 | <0.001* |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | -0.006 | 0.917 |
Teachers' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | -0.074 | 0.044* |
School type (Other = reference)Combined grades | -0.064 | 0.581 |
School type (Other = reference)Secondary school | -0.183 | 0.096 |
School type (Other = reference)Middle school | -0.076 | 0.505 |
School type (Other = reference)Elementary school | 0.074 | 0.485 |
Note: Higher score = less interest in politics.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 197.103, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.
Parameter | Estimate | p-value |
---|---|---|
(Intercept) | 3.241 | <0.001* |
SVP status (Post = reference)Pre | -0.464 | 0.489 |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)Less than 1 year | -0.617 | 0.496 |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)1–2 years | -1.028 | 0.183 |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)3–5 years | -0.838 | 0.188 |
Length of time teaching CIVICS (8 or more years = reference)6–7 years | 0.277 | 0.801 |
Gender (Female = reference)Male | -0.308 | 0.581 |
Born in Canada (No = reference)Yes | 2.751 | <0.001* |
Teachers' previous participation in SVP (No = reference)Yes | 0.319 | 0.562 |
Note: Variable school type was removed due to colinearity issue.
* Model likelihood chi-square = 30.762, p<0.01. Results are significant at the 0.05 level.